The other.

Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a synthetic analogue of the endogenous posterior pituitary hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP), modified at two positions: deamination of the N-terminal cysteine (1-desamino) and substitution of L-arginine with D-arginine at position 8.

Dulaglutide is a once-weekly injectable GLP-1 receptor agonist developed by Eli Lilly and FDA-approved in 2014.

Exenatide is a synthetic version of exendin-4, a naturally occurring peptide found in the venom of the Gila monster lizard.

FOXO4-DRI is a synthetic D-amino acid retro-inverso peptide designed to selectively eliminate senescent cells — aged, dysfunctional cells that accumulate with age and drive chronic inflammation.

Gramicidin (gramicidin D) is a mixture of linear 15-amino acid antimicrobial peptides produced by Bacillus brevis, comprising gramicidin A (~80%), B (~5%), and C (~15%).

Histrelin is a potent synthetic GnRH agonist nonapeptide delivered via a subcutaneous hydrogel implant providing continuous hormone release for 12 months.

Lixisenatide is a once-daily short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist derived from exendin-4, modified at the C-terminus with deletion of one proline and addition of six lysine residues.

Mazdutide (IBI362, LY3305677) is a once-weekly dual GLP-1 receptor and glucagon receptor agonist developed by Innovent Biologics in partnership with Eli Lilly, modeled on mammalian oxyntomodulin.

Motilin is a 22-amino acid gastrointestinal hormone secreted by Mo/M cells of the upper small intestine during the fasting state.

Nociceptin (Orphanin FQ) is a 17-amino acid neuropeptide and the endogenous ligand for the NOP receptor (ORL-1, opioid receptor-like 1).

Pasireotide (brand: Signifor) is an FDA-approved cyclic hexapeptide somatostatin analog with a unique multi-receptor binding profile.

Pramlintide (brand: Symlin) is a synthetic analog of human amylin, a hormone co-secreted with insulin by pancreatic beta cells.

Retinalamin is a polypeptide preparation isolated from bovine retinal tissue and registered as a pharmaceutical drug in Russia for retinal degenerative disease.

RGDS (Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser) is the prototype integrin-binding tetrapeptide sequence derived from fibronectin.

Terlipressin is a synthetic vasopressin analogue and the first FDA-approved medication (approved September 2022) for hepatorenal syndrome with rapid reduction of kidney function (HRS-AKI).

Ziconotide (brand name: Prialt) is a synthetic 25-amino acid peptide derived from the omega-conotoxin MVIIA found in the venom of the predatory marine cone snail Conus magus.

Buserelin is a synthetic GnRH agonist peptide widely approved in Europe, Canada, and other regions under brand names including Suprefact and Suprecur for prostate cancer, endometriosis, and female infertility.

Deltorphin is a family of heptapeptides isolated from the skin of South American Phyllomedusa frogs.

Dermorphin is a heptapeptide (7 amino acids) isolated from the skin of Phyllomedusa South American tree frogs.

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a 21-amino acid peptide produced primarily by vascular endothelial cells and is the most potent endogenous vasoconstrictor known.