Overview
Somatostatin is an endogenous cyclic peptide existing in 14-amino acid (SST-14) and 28-amino acid (SST-28) isoforms. Produced in the hypothalamus, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract, it broadly inhibits hormone secretion and serves as the structural template for octreotide, lanreotide, and pasireotide. Its ultrashort half-life drove development of longer-acting analogs.
Mechanism of action
Somatostatin binds five G-protein-coupled receptor subtypes (SSTR1–5) expressed throughout the brain, pituitary, pancreas, and gut. Receptor activation inhibits adenylyl cyclase, reduces intracellular cAMP, inhibits voltage-gated calcium channels, and activates inward-rectifier potassium channels. Net effect is broad inhibition of GH, insulin, glucagon, gastrin, secretin, TSH, and prolactin secretion. SST-14 preferentially binds SSTR1–4; SST-28 has higher affinity for SSTR5.
Dosing protocols
| Purpose | Route | Dosage | Frequency | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| research / GI bleed (off-label clinical use) | intravenous | 250–500 mcg/hr | continuous infusion | Used investigationally; analogs preferred in clinical practice due to superior half-life |
Dosing information is for educational purposes only. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any peptide.
Research summary
Somatostatin's multi-tissue expression and broad inhibitory profile have made it a cornerstone of endocrine physiology research. Its 1–3 minute half-life in vivo limits therapeutic utility; however, all clinically approved somatostatin analogs (octreotide, lanreotide, pasireotide) are derived from its pharmacophore. Research continues into SSTR-subtype selective agonists for targeting specific tumors, including NETs and pituitary adenomas.
Side effects
Side effects vary by individual. This is not an exhaustive list. Report unusual symptoms to a healthcare professional.
Common stacks
Peptides commonly paired with Somatostatin for synergistic effects.
Legal status
Native somatostatin is used in research and as an IV infusion in some clinical protocols outside the US. Synthetic long-acting analogs are the approved clinical agents. Not FDA-approved as a standalone drug.
Where to get it
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