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Ipamorelin: quick citable summary
Ipamorelin is listed by PeptaHub as a muscle & growth peptide with a research only legal-status classification. The page summarizes mechanism, research context, common routes, safety notes, and references for writers and AI answer engines.
PeptaHub. “Ipamorelin: Mechanism, Research Context, Safety.” peptahub.com, 2026. https://peptahub.com/peptides/ipamorelin. Licensed CC BY 4.0.
License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. Link back to https://peptahub.com/peptides/ipamorelin.
What is Ipamorelin?
Ipamorelin is a selective growth hormone secretagogue that binds the ghrelin/GHS-R1a receptor to trigger pulsatile GH release, with minimal effect on cortisol or prolactin. It is under FDA reclassification review and is commonly stacked with CJC-1295 in body composition protocols.
Overview
Ipamorelin is a selective growth hormone secretagogue that stimulates the pituitary gland to release growth hormone (GH). It is one of the most selective GH-releasing peptides: in swine, Raun et al. (1998) found it did not raise ACTH or cortisol above what GHRH produces, and did not affect prolactin, FSH, LH or TSH. Appetite is a separate question — ipamorelin is a ghrelin-receptor agonist, and no study has established that it spares appetite. It is popular in anti-aging and body composition protocols despite thin human evidence.
Mechanism of action
Ipamorelin selectively binds to the ghrelin/GHS-R1a receptor in the pituitary gland, triggering pulsatile GH release. Unlike GHRP-6 or GHRP-2, it did not significantly increase cortisol, ACTH, or prolactin in the swine study that characterized it (Raun et al., 1998). Its effect on appetite has not been characterized in humans. Often stacked with CJC-1295 for synergistic GH release.
Reported study ranges
| Purpose | Route | Reported range | Frequency | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GH release / anti-aging | subcutaneous | 200–300 mcg | 2-3x daily | Inject on empty stomach (fasting enhances GH release). Best before bed and upon waking. 8-12 week cycles. |
Reported ranges are for research context only. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any peptide.
Convert Ipamorelin research-range units
Need to convert mg to mcg, dose volume, or U-100 syringe units? The Ipamorelin dose calculator is preloaded with these ranges, or use the general dose unit converter.
Research summary
Dose-dependent GH release is established in animal work (rat and swine), not in a human efficacy trial. The one phase 2 clinical trial (Beck et al., 2014, n=114) tested ipamorelin for postoperative ileus and missed its key endpoint: median time to first tolerated meal was 25.3 h versus 32.6 h for placebo, p=0.15, with no significant difference in secondary endpoints either. It was well tolerated. No human study has measured bone mineral density or body composition on ipamorelin. Widely used in anti-aging clinics and often combined with CJC-1295 (no DAC), but that practice runs well ahead of the evidence.[1][2][3][4][5]
Evidence grading
Each claimed benefit is graded by the strength of available evidence. Grades reflect study quality, not effect size.
Strong = multiple RCTs · Moderate = limited trials or observational · Preliminary = animal or in vitro only · Insufficient = anecdotal or no published data
Side effects
Side effects vary by individual. This is not an exhaustive list. Report unusual symptoms to a healthcare professional.
Common stacks
Peptides commonly paired with Ipamorelin for synergistic effects.
Legal status
Ipamorelin cannot legally be compounded in the US today. It was placed on the FDA's Category 2 bulk drug substances list in September 2023, which put it outside enforcement discretion for compounding. It was not among the 12 peptides the FDA removed from Category 2 on April 15, 2026, so it remains in Category 2, and no Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee review of ipamorelin has been scheduled. HHS Secretary Kennedy's February 2026 podcast remarks floated a broader set of substances than the action that followed, and ipamorelin was not covered by it. Ipamorelin is not FDA-approved for any indication and is otherwise sold as a research peptide. Verify current federal and state rules before relying on access claims.
Sourcing & access
Research compound
Ipamorelin is classified as a research compound. Regulatory status varies by jurisdiction. Always verify current legal status and source from vendors providing third-party certificates of analysis (COA).
Frequently asked questions
Ipamorelin's defining advantage is selectivity. In direct comparisons, GHRP-6 and GHRP-2 raise cortisol and ACTH alongside GH. Ipamorelin produces no significant cortisol or ACTH elevation even at doses 200× above its GH-releasing ED₅₀ — making it far more hormonal-profile-friendly for long-term protocols.
Sermorelin is a truncated GHRH analog that stimulates GH via the GHRH receptor; ipamorelin works on the ghrelin/GHS-R1a receptor. Their downstream effects overlap substantially, but the receptor pathways are different. Stacking them produces additive GH release. Sermorelin has a longer published clinical history; ipamorelin's selectivity profile is generally considered cleaner.
CJC-1295 (no DAC) acts on the GHRH receptor, while ipamorelin acts on the ghrelin receptor. Activating both simultaneously is synergistic — combined GH output is 2-3× greater than either peptide alone. The combination also more faithfully mimics the natural dual-signal pulsatile GH release that occurs endogenously.
No. Because ipamorelin has a short half-life (~2 hours) and produces pulse-based GH release rather than sustained elevation, pituitary GHS-R1a receptors retain normal sensitivity between doses. Endogenous GH secretion resumes without suppression once the peptide clears, unlike exogenous recombinant GH.
GH secretion peaks within 15-30 minutes of subcutaneous injection and returns to baseline within approximately 2 hours. Downstream IGF-1 elevation — the proxy for anabolic and recovery effects — rises gradually over days to weeks of consistent use. Most users report sleep quality and recovery improvements within 2-4 weeks.
Yes — this is one of the most cited reasons for use. The largest endogenous GH pulse naturally occurs during slow-wave sleep; ipamorelin amplifies this nocturnal pulse and may independently deepen sleep architecture through hypothalamic GHS-R1a signaling. Dosing before bed is standard in published protocols.
Mild water retention is a reported side effect, attributed to GH's physiological action on renal sodium and water reabsorption. It typically resolves within days of dose reduction or cessation. Because ipamorelin does not raise cortisol (unlike GHRP-2 or GHRP-6), cortisol-driven fluid retention is not a compounding factor.
Growth hormone peptides including ipamorelin are prohibited under the WADA Prohibited List (Section S2, Peptide Hormones and GH Secretagogues). Detection methods using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry have been validated for GH-releasing peptides. Competitive athletes in tested sports should consider ipamorelin prohibited regardless of jurisdiction.
Both activate GHS-R1a, but MK-677 is orally bioavailable and sustains receptor activation continuously, producing a tonic rather than pulsatile GH elevation. Ipamorelin creates discrete 2-hour GH pulses that preserve receptor sensitivity and circadian GH rhythms. MK-677 more commonly causes appetite stimulation and water retention due to continuous ghrelin mimicry.
The relevant study is Johansen et al. (Growth Horm IGF Res, 1999), in adult female rats dosed subcutaneously three times daily for 15 days. Ipamorelin dose-dependently increased longitudinal bone growth rate in the proximal tibia metaphysis, from 42 µm/day in vehicle to 52 µm/day at the top dose, along with dose-dependent body weight gain. Importantly, the effect was not IGF-1-mediated: the treatment did not affect total IGF-I levels, IGF binding proteins, or serum markers of bone formation and resorption, and the study included no GHRP-6 comparator. Bone mineral density was not measured, in this study or any other, and no controlled human bone or body-composition trial of ipamorelin exists.
Research references
- Ipamorelin, the First Selective Growth Hormone SecretagoguePubMed
- Ipamorelin, a New Growth-Hormone-Releasing Peptide, Induces Longitudinal Bone Growth in RatsPubMed
- Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Proof-of-Concept Study of the Ghrelin Mimetic Ipamorelin for the Management of Postoperative Ileus in Bowel Resection PatientsPubMed
- Efficacy of Ipamorelin, a Novel Ghrelin Mimetic, in a Rodent Model of Postoperative IleusPubMed
- Efficacy of ipamorelin, a ghrelin mimetic, on gastric dysmotility in a rodent model of postoperative ileusPubMed
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